![]() Superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments.The supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles aid in abduction and external rotation. The tendons of the rotator cuff and their respective muscles ( supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis) stabilize and fix the joint. Other long muscles such as pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major and deltoid muscles also provide support to the shoulder joint. ![]() The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii passes through the bicipital groove on the humerus and inserts on the superior margin of the glenoid cavity to press the head of the humerus against the glenoid cavity. The primary stabilizers of the shoulder include the biceps brachii on the anterior side of the arm, and tendons of the rotator cuff which are fused to all sides of the capsule except the inferior margin. The shoulder joint is a muscle-dependent joint as it lacks strong ligaments. The supra-acromial bursa does not normally communicate with the shoulder joint. Between the capsule and the tendon of the subscapularis muscle is the subscapular bursa, this is also known as the subtendinous bursa of the scapularis.The coracobrachial bursa is between the subscapularis muscle and the tendon of the coracobrachialis muscle.The subcoracoid bursa is between the capsule and the coracoid process of the scapula. ![]()
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